Robotic Assisted Rehabilitation for Balance and Gait in Orthopedic Patients.

In the researchers' words

Osteoarthritis is a chronic, degenerative disease affecting the joints. It is characterized by the presence of bone tissue that goes to make up for the loss of articular cartilage, causing pain and limitation of movement. Osteoarthritis is a direct consequence of aging: it affects almost all 70-year-olds, peaking between 75 and 79 years. The presence of osteoarthritic processes at the hip and knee joints can result in pain, difficulty maintaining standing for a long time, and difficulty walking with loss of balance, increasing the risk of accidental falls to the ground. Falls are a frequent cause of mortality and morbidity and, often, limit autonomy leading to premature entry into assisted living facilities. In Italy, in 2002 it was estimated that 28.6% of people over 65 years fall within a year: of these, 43% fall more than once and 60% of falls occur at home. Such falls can often result in fractures leading to the need for hospitalization with significant impact on both motor and cognitive function. Balance and gait rehabilitation are of primary importance for the recovery of a person's autonomy and independence, especially in older individuals who have undergone osteosynthesis or prosthesis surgery of the lower limbs. Technological and robotic rehabilitation allows for greater intensity, objectivity, and standardization in treatment protocols, as well as in outcome…